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Sizova E.A., Yausheva E.V., Kamirova A.M., Shoshin D.E., Ryazantseva K.V., Nechitailo K.S. Influence of combined use of ultradispersed silicon dioxide particles and sulfur-containing organic and inorganic compounds on ruminal digestion in vitro. Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2025, Vol. 60, № 6, p. 1113-1125.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2025.6.1113eng

UDC: 636.084:57.085.2

Acknowledgements:
Supported financially by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 22-66-00061, https://rscf.ru/project/22-66-00061/.

 

INFLUENCE OF COMBINED USE OF ULTRADISPERSED SILICON DIOXIDE PARTICLES AND SULFUR-CONTAINING ORGANIC AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS ON RUMINAL DIGESTION in vitro

E.A. Sizova1, 2, E.V. Yausheva1 ✉, A.M. Kamirova1,
D.E. Shoshin1, 2, K.V. Ryazantseva1, K.S. Nechitailo1, 2

1Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies RAS, 29, ul. 9 Yanvarya, Orenburg, 460000 Russia, e-mail sizova.l78@yandex.ru, vasilena56@mail.ru (✉ corresponding author), ayna.makaeva@mail.ru, daniilshoshin@mail.ru, reger94@bk.ru, k.nechit@mail.ru;
2Orenburg State University, 13, prosp. Pobedy, Orenburg, 460018 Russia

ORCID:
Sizova E.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-5125-5981
Shoshin D.E. orcid.org/0000-0003-3086-681X
Yausheva E.V. orcid.org/0000-0002-1589-2211
Ryazantseva K.V. orcid.org/0000-0001-5134-0396
Kamirova A.M. orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-8223
Nechitailo K.S. orcid.org/0000-0002-8755-414X

Final revision received December 02, 2024
Accepted April 07, 2025

Improving productivity remains a pressing issue in livestock production and is associated with meeting the nutritional needs of farm animals, including macro- and microelements. Ultrafine particles (UFP) of silicon dioxide hold promise as digestive stimulants. However, a preliminary assessment of the interaction of UFP with other feed components is necessary to identify potential synergistic and antagonistic effects and justify the formulation of the feed additive. This study, for the first time, identified rumen digestion parameters and the elemental profile of rumen fluid when combining UFP silicon dioxide with organic and inorganic sulfur sources in a feed additive. A stimulating effect of the three-component additive (UFP silicon dioxide, amino acid complex, and sodium sulfate) on nitrogen metabolism, short-chain fatty acid metabolism, and the bioavailability of essential elements from the feed was demonstrated. The aim of the research was studying the combined effect of ultrafine silicon dioxide particles and sulfur-containing compounds on the concentration of chemical elements in rumen fluid and the characteristics of rumen metabolism, assessing digestibility, bacterial biomass, the content of volatile fatty acids, and nitrogen species. The studies were conducted at the Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies RAS, the Center for Nanotechnology in Agriculture, and the Biological Systems and Agrotechnology RAS Shared Use Center in 2023. The in vitro experiment design was as follows: control — no additives; group I — ultrafine silicon dioxide particles + sodium sulfate; group II — ultrafine silicon dioxide particles + amino acids (lysine, methionine, tryptophan); group III — ultrafine silicon dioxide particles + sodium sulfate + amino acids (lysine, methionine, tryptophan). The studies were conducted on an artificial rumen model using an ANKOM Daisy II incubator (ANKOM Technology Corporation, USA). The biosubstrate (wheat bran) for digestion and the test complexes were placed in sealed polyester bags (n = 5) and incubated in the setup with rumen fluid at 39.5 °C. Each test complex with rumen fluid was incubated in a separate vessel, which was constantly rotating. Rumen fluid was collected in 3 h after feeding through a chronic rumen fistula (ANKOM Technology Corporation, USA) from a Kazakh White-Headed bull (250 kg, 10 months), whose main diet included 30 % concentrates and 70 % roughage. The dry matter digestibility coefficient in vitro was calculated as the difference in the weight of the feed sample with the bag before and after incubation. The number of protozoa in the rumen fluid was determined in a Goryaev chamber. The microbial mass was calculated by differential centrifugation with following drying. The elemental composition (Mg, Ca, K, P, Mn, I, Co, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, As, Al, Cd) of the rumen fluid was determined by atomic emission and mass spectral methods (an Agilent 7900 ICP-MS inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, Agilent Technologies, USA). Total and residual nitrogen in the rumen fluid was determined by the Kjeldahl method according to GOST 13496.4-2019 (Moscow, 2019), protein by the difference between total and residual nitrogen, ammonia – by the microdiffusion method in Conway dishes according to GOST 26180-84 (Moscow, 1984). The total amount of volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid was estimated using a Crystal LUX 4000 chromatograph (Chromatec, Russia). The experiments showed an increase in the digestibility coefficient in groups I and III by 2.9 and 3.2 % (p ≤  0.05) vs control. A decrease in the concentration of Ni and Al was observed in the rumen fluid in groups I (by 16 and 14.6 %, p ≤ 0.05) and II (by 16.5 and 10.6 %, p ≤ 0.05) vs the control values was shown. In group III, there was an increase in the concentration of Mg, P, Ca and Fe by 17.7. 22.1. 13.8 and 76 % (p ≤ 0.05), as well as a decrease in the content of Pb (-27.3%, p ≤ 0.05) and Cd (-73.0 %, p ≤ 0.05). The concentration of acetic acid in the rumen fluid in groups I, II and III was 10.4, 26.4 and 15.8 % higher than in the control, butyric acid in the same groups by 13.8, 25 and 43.8 % higher. Changes in the amount of total nitrogen occurred as compared to the control: in group I the indicator was 3.5 % lower, in groups II and III it was higher by 39.7 (p ≤ 0.05) and 45.3 % (p ≤ 0.05), respectively. Thus, the combined use of ultrafine silicon dioxide with an amino acid complex and sodium sulfate was found to have a positive effect on stimulating rumen digestion. The potential was demonstrated for using the combination of ultrafine silicon dioxide with amino acids and sodium sulfate to increase the bioavailability of essential elements from feed and reduce the concentration of toxic elements in rumen fluid.

Keywords: amino acids, sodium sulfate, bioavailability, ultrafine particles of silicon dioxide, rumen digestion. 

 

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