doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2017.6.1129eng

UDC 636.086.2:551.34:[581.19+581.5](571.56)

Acknowlegdgements:
Supported from the federal budget, the state program IBPK SB RAS № АААА-А17-117020110054-6.

 

ECO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL BASES OF THE GREEN
CRYO-FEED FORMING IN YAKUTIA (review)

K.A. Petrov1, A.A. Perk1, V.A. Chepalov1, V.E. Sofronova1,
A.N. Ilyin2, R.V. Ivanov2

1Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone Siberian Branch of RAS, Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, 41, pr. Lenina, Yakutsk, Sakha Republic (Yakutia), 677000 Russia, e-mail kap_75@bk.ru (corresponding author K.A. Petrov);
2M.G. Sofrononov Yakutsk Research Institute of Agriculture,Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, 23/1, ul. Bestuzheva-Marlinskogo, Yakutsk, Sakha Republic (Yakutia), 677001 Russia

ORCID:
Petrov K.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-1227-5277
Perk A.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-8753
Chepalov V.A. orcid.org/0000-0003-3499-1829
Sofronova V.E. orcid.org/0000-0002-0095-9620
Ilyin A.N. orcid.org/0000-0002-8999-822X
Ivanov R.V. orcid.org/0000-0001-9940-2162

Received July 8, 2016

 

Food grown in Yakutia can be used as a supplement to the diet of many farm animals in Siberia, the Far East and the European North. Understanding mechanisms of cold adaptation in plants, being of general biological significance, also makes basis for use of this practically unlimited natural forage resource. Here, we summarized ecological, physiological and biochemical aspects  for the formation of nutritional value of autumn-vegetating herbaceous plants which were frozen with natural cold have been considered. These plants are highly nutritious, autumn/winter fattening food (green cryo-feed), for herbivores in the extremely harsh conditions of the North. In the article an overview data on plant response to low temperatures and their adaptation is provided (T.I. Trunova, 2007; L.V. Gusta et al., 2013; K. Miura et al., 2013). As a result of generalization of long-term authors’ investigations (A.Ya. Perk et al., 1987; K.A. Petrov et al., 2010; A.N. Ilyin et al., 2015) and other publications, the general theory is developed of the mechanisms of resistance of plants and animals to prolonged hypothermia in the conditions of permafrost (cryolithozone) in Yakutia. It is assumed that adaptation of plants to long-term low temperature stress have closely connected with their main source of energy (lipids, unsaturated fatty acids), which plays a major role in the formation of high nutritional value of autumn-vegetating plants which were frozen with natural cold in the permafrost zone. Cold hardening of perennial herbaceous plants in the cryolithozone of Yakutia is evidently due to cell accumulation of primary and secondary carotenoids with the most pronounced antioxidant properties (B. Demmig-Adams et al., 2006). Green cryo-feed provides vital activity of herbivores, including livestock (the Yakut horse, reindeer, etc.), under conditions of prolonged and extremely cold winter. Green cryocorm technology allows to provide animals with protein, fatty oils, carbohydrates and vitamins throughout the whole wintering period. As a result of our experiments have been shown highly nutritional value of green cryo-feed for feeding of livestock, for example for herd horse breeding, that allows to recommend the cryo-feed for wide introduction into agricultural practices in regions where unlimited resources of cold could be used.

Keywords: Yakutia, adaptation to cold, green cryo-feed, nutritional value.

 

Full article (Rus)

Full article (Eng)

 

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