Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2018, Vol. 53, ¹ 5, p. 897-906.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2018.5.897eng

UDC 633.37:632.3/.7:581.573.4

Acknowledgements:
Supported financially by the Ministry of Equation and Science of the Russian Federation, project RFMEFI60417X0168, agreement ¹14.604.21.0168

 

RESISTANCE OF GUAR Cyamopsis tetragonolîba (L.) Taub. TO HARM-FUL ORGANISMS (review)

E.E. Radchenko, D.V. Sokolova

1Federal Research Center the Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations, 42-44, ul. Bol’shaya Morskaya, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia, e-mail eugene_radchenko@rambler.ru (✉ corresponding author), dianasokol@bk.ru

ORCID:
Radchenko E.E. orcid.org/0000-0002-3019-0306
Sokolova D.V. orcid.org/0000-0002-9967-7454
The authors declare no conflict of interests

Received April 18, 2018

 

Guar (clusterbean) Cyamopsis tetragonoloba(L.) Taub., a tropical annual legume crop of a multipurpose use, is promising for growing in the South Russia. The problem of resistance of guar to diseases and pests is discussed. The Alternaria leaf blight caused by Alternaria cyamopsidis Rangaswami & Rao and bacteria leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. cyamopsidis (Patel) Vauterin) are the most harmful diseases of guar. Seed infection promotes the extensive and fast spread of the disease. Anatomical and morphological characters are not having any relationship with A. cyamopsidis resistance in clusterbean plants. Sunshine, minimum temperature, cumulative rainfall and relative humidity in the evening were found significantly associated with Alternaria leaf blight severity (M.S. Saharan et al., 2004). The resistance of guar to bacteria leaf blight is oligogenically controlled (P.S.K. Anil et al., 2012). For X. axonopodis pv. cyamopsidis a differential interaction with plant host genotypes is characteristic. In the USA the two races of the pathogen (0 and 1) have been identified which differed not only by the virulence to guar varieties but serologically as well. A protocol of ELISA test for detecting virulent and avirulent strains of the bacteria is elaborated (G.K. Vijayanand et al., 1999). The pathogen isolates significantly differ in aggressivity when they are proliferated on resistant (HG 75) and sensitive (PNB) genotypes of guar. The analysis of the isolates with the use of molecular markers has revealed a significant polymorphism of the pathogen populations. The results obtained using two different approaches correspond to each other (B. Kaur et al., 2005). Plant infection with bacteria leaf blight and Alternaria leaf blight induces protective response (i.e. lignin and phenol compounds accumulation, increase of peroxidase activity). The induced resistance was observed when guar was inoculated with casual agents of charcoal rot Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid., root rot Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn, wilt Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc., and also with aphids infestation. The diversity of cultivated guar varieties for resistance to pathogens is not high. At the same time a differential interaction with plant host genotypes is revealed not only for bacteria leaf blight causal agent but also for M. phaseolina (S. Purkayastha et al., 2006). This means that varieties with different resistance genes should be grown for prevention of epiphytoties. The introgression of resistance genes from the wild species C. senegalensis Guill. & Perr. and C. serrata Schinz is considered as a promising approach for broadening genetic diversity (S. Kumar et al., 2017). However, interspecific crosses and phenotypic selection are the main breeding methods applied to date. In recent times the intercropping of guar with other crops (millet, okra, and castor) is also used for controlling populations of harmful organisms.

Keywords: guar, Cyamopsis tetragonolîba, bacterial blight, Alternaria leaf blight, root rot, insect pests, resistance.

 

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