Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2018, Vol. 53, ¹ 5, p. 1004-1012.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2018.5.1004eng

UDC 631.4:631.8:631.51

Acknowledgements:
Supported financially by Russian Science Foundation (grant ¹ 17-16-01030 «Dynamics of soil biota in chronoseries of post-technogenic landscapes: analysis of soil-ecological efficiency of ecosystem restoration»)

 

THE USE OF LOCAL FERTILIZERS SUPPLEMENTED WITH
Trichoderma koningii Oudem. AT NO-TILL vs. CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE
OF AGROCHERNOZEM IN SOUTHERN URAL

I.M. Gabbasova1, R.R. Suleimanov1, T.T. Garipov1, M.A. Komissarov1,
L.V. Sidorova1, N.F. Galimzyanova1, P. Liebelt2, E.V. Abakumov3,
G.A. Gimaletdinova1, Z.G. Prostyakova1

1Ufa Federal Research Center RAS, Institute of Biology, Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations, 69, pr. Oktyabrya, Ufa, 450054 Russia, e-mail gimib@mail.ću, soils@mail.ru, timurgar@gmail.com, mkomissarov@list.ru, galnailya@yandex.ru;
2Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany, 06120, Halle (Saale), Von-Seckendorff-Platz 4, e-mail peteć.liebelt@geo.uļihalle.de;
3Saint-Petersburg State University, 29, 16 Liniya, St. Petersburg, 199178 Russia, e-mail e_abakumov@mail.ru (✉ corresponding author)

ORCID:
Gabbasova I.M. orcid.org/0000-0002-9238-9011
Galimzyanova N.F. orcid.org/0000-0001-6137
Suleimanov R.R. orcid.org/0000-0002-7754-0406
Liebelt P. orcid.org/0000-0002-3203-0285
Garipov T.T. orcid.org/0000-003-4942-8203
Abakumov E.V. orcid.org/0000-0002-5248-9018
Komissarov M.A. orcid.org/0000-0001-6135-7212
Gimaletdinova G.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-0197-9017
Sidorova L.V. orcid.org/0000-0002-1648-1457
Prostyakova Z.G. orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-3318
The authors declare no conflict of interests

Received January 24, 2018

 

Local agrominerals and fertilizers, including marsh plants, which are the waste from cleaning lakes and reservoirs, have definite prospects in preventing soil erosion and restoring fertility alongside with the traditional anti-erosion technologies. Given this, we studied local fertilizers (manure, zeolite, sodium humate) and plant residues (marsh plants, straw) with the addition of (NP)60and suspensions of microscopic fungus Trichoderma koningii strain IB G-51 (T. koningii) when used at no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CV) of the weakly eroded  Chernozem (Mollisol). The effects were estimated based on the key agrochemical properties (humus content, mobile phosphorus, potassium, and alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen), assay of activity of soil hydrolases and oxidoreductases and the yield of agricultural crops (spring wheat, barley and sugar beet). A three-year investigation was conducted in the Ural steppe zone. Single application of local fertilizers was shown to promote increasing in soil humus content, improvement of nutrient regime, and increment of enzymatic activity and crops yields. Thus, the increase of humus content in the 0-30 cm soil layer for 3 years is reliable for both types of tillage except the cases when zeolite and sodium humate were applied. These values increase by 3.5-5.6 % for NT, and by 1.8-4.1 % for CV as compared to the control. The soil phosphorus reserve increases from low to medium level due to manure and crop residues with mineral fertilizers added at no-till, whereas at CV a significant increase is observed due to the manure only. Potassium content elevated significantly, from 32 to 45 %, only at application of manure and marsh plants with the addition of (NP)60 and T. koningii. The content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen varies in a narrow range, and the significant increase is observed only at no-till with manure and marsh plants. Soil enzymatic activity is higher when manure and plant residues are introduced, in contrast to variants with sodium humate and zeolite. Among enzymes, protease and polyphenoloxidase show the closest correlation with agrochemical properties (r = 0.53-0.75, p < 0.05). The change of agrochemical properties and enzymatic activity of soil is more apparent in 0-10 cm layer under NT and in 0-30 cm layer under CT. The profitability of fertilizers under NT is higher, as compared to CV, only in arid conditions. Biologization of agricultural technology by introduction of the microscopic fungi T. koningii IB G-51 causes the faster humification of the marsh plants than the straw that must be especially accounted for at NT. The effect of marsh plants + T. koningii on soil properties is commensurate with that of manure.

Keywords: biologization of agriculture, agrochernozem, no-till, local natural fertilizers, marsh plants, Trichoderma koningii, soil enzymatic activity, humification, crop yields.

 

Full article (Rus)

Full article (Eng)

 

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