Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2017, Vol. 52, № 5, p. 976-985
(how to cite this article).

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2017.5.976eng

UDC 635.657:631.524.02:631.526

Acknowlegdgements:
Supported by Russian Science Foundation (project № 16-16-00007)

 

CHICKPEA LANDRACES FROM CENTERS OF THE CROP ORIGIN:
DIVERSITY AND DIFFERENCES

M.A. Vishnyakova1, M.O. Burlyaeva1, S.V. Bulyntsev2, I.V. Seferova1,
E.S. Plekhanova3, S.V. Nuzhdin4

1Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, 42-44, ul. Bol’shaya Morskaya, St. Petersburg, 190000 Russia,
e-mail m.vishnyakova.vir@gmail.com (corresponding  author);
2Kuban Experiment Breeding Station, Branch of Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, 2, ul. Tsentral'naya, pos. Botanika, Gul'kevichskii Region, Krasnodarskii krai, 352183 Russia,
e-mail s_bulynsev@mail.ru;
3Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 29, ul. Politechnicheskaya, St. Petersburg, 195251 Russia,
e-mail plekhanova-elena@ya.ru;
4Molecular and Computation Biology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA,
e-mail: snuzhdin@usc.edu

ORCID:
Vishnyakova M.A. orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-7745
Burlyaeva M.O. orcid.org/0000-0002-3708-2594
Bulyntsev S.V. orcid.org/0000-0001-6045-4504
Seferova I.V. orcid.org/0000-0003-3308-9198
Plekhanova E.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-5727-9175
Nuzhdin S.V. orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-151X

Received June 11, 2017

 

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), a grain legume crop, is considered innovative for the Russian Federation. Over the past fifteen years, its area in our country have increased 20 times and reached 420,300 hectares in 2015. The growing demand of chickpea determines the necessity of breeding new varieties. One of the ways to improve the crop could be the introgression of genes from old landraces, especially those from the regions of species genetic diversity, the centers of its origin (i.e. the primary in Turkey and the secondary in Ethiopia). In this paper the question is raised about the diversity and phenotypic differences of the chickpea gene pool growing in the centers of origin about a century ago and preserved in VIR collection. Here, we first showed the differences in the phenotypic characteristics of the oldest chickpeas from two centers of origin. Fifteen morphological, phenological and agronomic features were studied in 75 local varieties from Turkey and 24 ones from Ethiopia. Both in Turkish and in Ethiopian samples, the most variable signs were the number of seeds per plant (Cv 62.6 and 70.4 %, respectively) and the number of beans per plant (Cv 62.2 and 63.0 %). Principal component analysis showed that the first five factors determined 78.9 % of the total variability of traits. Factor 2 (22.0 % of the variance) can be called a factor of potential seed production. Correlation analysis revealed a much stronger relationships between all the traits studied in the Ethiopian samples. The correlation between seed production and vegetation period were the strongest (r ≥ 0.9). We have revealed association of certain traits of chickpea plants with the geographical zones of the sample origins. Landraces from Ethiopia are fairly homogeneous and have small, dark and angular seeds, low attachment of the first bean and low seed productivity, are more early maturated compared with the Turkish ones. Turkish landraces are characterized by a great variety of all the traits studied, revealing all their grades described in the chickpea descriptors. In this region, the landraces typical of the western Mediterranean, as well as for territories bordering Turkey in the east had been grown. The structure of the variability and the strength of the relations of the traits differed in the landraces from the primary and secondary centers. It is obvious that in plants growing in different ecological and geographical environment, there is a specific communications between the traits, reflecting the presence of different blocks of co-adapted genes or another integrated gene complexes that determine adaptation to a particular environment. Useful characters for breeding are found in landraces from both centers of origin and chickpea diversity.

Keywords: chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.), centers of origin, phenotypes, variability, factor analysis, structure of traits relationships, diversity, characters for breeding.

 

 

Full article (Rus)

Full text (Eng)

 

REFERENCES

  1. CGIAR. Chickpea. Available http://www.cgiar.org/our-strategy/crop-factsheets/chick-pea). Accessed May 16, 2017.
  2. Wallace T.C., Murray R., Zelman K.M. The nutritional value and health benefits of chickpeas and hummus. Nutrients, 2016, 8(12): 766 CrossRef
  3. Ekspertno-analiticheskii tsentr agrobiznesa «AB-TSentr». Available http://www.ab-centre.ru. Accessed May 16, 2017.
  4. Abbo S., Berger J., Turner N.C. Evolution of cultivated chickpea: four bottlenecks limit diversity and constrain adaptation. Functional Plant Biology, 2003, 30: 1081-1087.
  5. European landraces on-farm conservation, management and use. Bioversity Technical Bulletin No. 15. M. Veteläinen, V. Negri, N. Maxted (eds.). Bioversity International, Rome, Italy, 2009.
  6. Upadhyaya H.D., Dwivedi S.L., Baum M., Varshney R.K., Udupa S.M., Gowda C.L., Hoisington D., Singh S. Genetic structure, diversity, and allelic richness in composite collection and reference set in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). BMC Plant Biologu, 2008 CrossRef
  7. van der Maesen L.J.G. Taxonomy, distribution and evolution of chickpea. In: Genetic resources and their exploitation — chickpeas, faba beans and lentils. J.R. Witcombe, W. Erskine (eds.). Hague, Netherlands, 1984.
  8. Harlan J.R. Crops and man. American Society of Agronomy-Crop Science Society, Madison, USA, 1992.
  9. Vavilov N.I. Tsentry proiskhozhdeniya kul'turnykh rastenii,tom 1 /Pod redaktsiei F.KH. Bakhteeva [Centers of origin of cultivated plants. V. 1. F.Kh. Bakhteev (ed.)]. Leningrad, 1967: 88-202 (in Russ.).  
  10. Vavilov N.I. Studies on the origin of cultivated plants. Bulletin of Applied Botany, 1926, XVI(2): 1-248.
  11. Vishnyakova M.A, Burlyaeva M.O., Bulyntsev S.V., Seferova I.V., Plekhanova E.C., Nuzhdin S.V. Vavilovskii zhurnal genetiki i selektsii, 2017, 21(2): 170-179 CrossRef (in Russ.).  
  12. Descriptors for chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). IBPGR, ICRISAT, ICARDA, Rome, Italy, 1993.
  13. Pundir R.P.S., Reddy K.N., Mengesha V.Y. ICRISAT chickpea germplasm catalog: evaluation and analysis. ICRISAT, Patancheru, India, 1988.
  14. Electronic Statistics Textbook. StatSoft Inc, 2013. Available http://www.stat-soft.com/textbook/. Accessed May 16, 2017.
  15. Ivanter E.V., Korosov A.V. Vvedenie v kolichestvennuyu biologiyu: uchebnoe posobie dlya studentov biologicheskikh spetsial'nostei [Introduction to quantitative biology]. Petrozavodsk, 2003 (in Russ.).  
  16. Sokal R.R., Rohlf F.J. Biometry: the principles and practice of statistics in biological research. NY, USA, 1995.
  17. Rostova N.S. Trudy Biologicheskogo NII LGU, 1985, 37: 37-54 (in Russ.).  
  18. Lakin G.F. Biometriya [Biometry]. Moscow, 1990 (in Russ.).  
  19. Vavilov N.I. Trudy po prikladnoi botanike, genetike i selektsii, 1927, 17(3): 411-428 (in Russ.).   
  20. Keneni G., Bekele E., Imtiaz M., Dagne K., Getu E., Assefa F. Genetic diversity and population structure of ethiopian chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm accessions from different geographical origins as revealed by microsatellite markers.Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 2012, 30: 654-665.
  21. Vavilov N.I. V knige: Izbrannye trudy. Tom 5. Problemy proiskhozhdeniya, geografii, genetiki, selektsii rastenii, rastenievodstva i agronomii /Pod redaktsiei F.Kh. Bakhteeva, S.Yu. Lipshitsa [In: Selected works. V. 5. Plant origin, geography, genetics, breedin, crop production and agronomy. F.Kh. Bakhteev, S.Yu. Lipshits (eds.)]. Leningrad, 1965: 740-751 (in Russ.).   
  22. Popova G.M. V knige: Kul'turnaya flora SSSR. Tom 4. Zernovye bobovye /Pod redaktsiei E.V. Vul'fa [In: Cultivated flora of the USSR. V. 4. Grain legumes. E.V. Vul'f (ed.)]. Leningrad, 1937: 23-71 (in Russ.).   
  23. Talebi R., Naji A.M., Fayas F. Geographical patterns of genetic diversity in cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) characterized by amplified fragment length polymorphism. Plant, Soil and Environment, 2008, 54: 447-452.
  24. Zhukovskii P.M. Zemledel'cheskaya Turtsiya (Aziatskaya chast' – Anatoliya) /Pod redaktsiei N.I. Vavilova [Agricultural Turkey. Asian part — Anatolia. N.I. Vavilov (ed.)]. Moscow-Leningrad, 1933: 340-346 (Appendix: Chickpea of Anatolia. G.M. Popova, A.M. Pavlova (comps.) (in Russ.).  
  25. Zhukovskii P.M. Zemledel'cheskaya Turtsiya (Aziatskaya chast' – Anatoliya) /Pod redaktsiei N.I. Vavilova [Agricultural Turkey. Asian part — Anatolia. N.I. Vavilov (ed.)]. Moscow-Leningrad, 1933 (in Russ.). 
  26. Popov M.G. Trudy po prikladnoi botanike, genetike i selektsii, 1928-1929, 21(1): 1-240 (in Russ.).

 

back