doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2014.5.102eng
UDC 635.1/.5:635.044:581.14:631.559
OPTIMAL TEMPERATURE FOR GROWING GREEN CROPS IN GREENHOUSES
Yu.F. Palkin, O.G. Gorbatenko, E.A. Semenov
Siberian Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, a./ya. 317, ul. Lermontova, Irkutsk, 664033 Russia,
e-mail prod@sifibr.irk.ru
Received July 1, 2013
In the conditions of Irkutsk Province, the greens and vegetable crops produced in greenhouses is considered the effective source of vitamins. To optimize temperature for cultivation, we studied plant growth, development and yield influenced by day and night temperatures in phytotron. The following varieties were investigated: lettuce Moskovskii parnikovyi, radish Zhara, leaf mustard Volnuch, daikon Klyk slona, dill Lesnogorskii, parsley Sakharnaya, shallot Sprint, dwarf Alp onion strain 525, schnitt Chemal. Plants were grown at 15, 22, 29 °С daytime temperatures and 5 °С nighttime temperature, and at 5, 10 и 15 °С nighttime temperatures and 22 °С daytime temperature. Phenological patterns and morphometric parameters (plant height, leaf length and leaf number) were examined, and the dates of harvesting and the green mass yield were estimated. In shallot, leaf mustard, lettuce and dill, the day and night temperatures of 29 °С and 15 °С, respectively, maximized the rate of green mass increase, whereas in dwarf Alp onion and schnitt they were 22 и 10 °С, and 22 и 5-10 °С, respectively. When the daytime and nighttime temperatures dropped to 15 and 5 °С, respectively, the rate of leaf growth and root formation slowed at least 2 times, and the ripening occurred 7-10 days later.
Keywords: protected ground, phytotron, greens, vegetable crops, lettuce, leaf mustard, radish, daikon, dill, parsley, green leaf of onions, shallot, dwarf Alp onion, schnitt onion, daytime and nighttime temperatures, plants, growth, development, yield.
REFERENCES
1. Yusupov M.Z., Demchenko I.M., Dukhova K.G. Nauchnyetrudy Kazanskogo sel'skokhozyaistvennogo instituta, 1974, 17(1): 53-56.
2. Bryzgalov V.A. V sbornike: Promyshlennoe proizvodstvo ovoshchei v teplitsakh /Pod redaktsiei S.F. Vashchenko, M. Iordanova [In: Industrial gardening in hothouses. S.F. Vashchenko, M. Iordanov (eds.)]. Moscow, 1977: 335-348.
3. Smirnov N.A. Plodoovoshchnoe khozyaistvo, 1985, 6: 13-14.
4. Suzan V.G., Kardashina L.A., Yurina A.V. Obespechenie naseleniya zelennymi ovoshchami v techenie goda [Providing with green vegetables throughout the year]. Moscow, 1989.
5. Palkin Yu.F., Gorbatenko O.G, Semenov E.A. Dobryi sad, 2001, 4: 14-15.
6. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po izucheniyu kollektsii ovoshchnykh kul'tur v zakrytom grunte /Sostanitel' G.V. Boos [Study of vegetable crop collection in greenhouses: methodological guidance]. Leningrad, 1968.
7. Vashchenko S.F., Nabatova G.A. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po provedeniyu opytov s ovoshchnymi kul'turami v sooruzheniyakh zashchishchennogo grunta [Experiments on vegetable crops in greenhouses: methodological guidance]. Moscow, 1976: 6-10.
8. Nabatova G.A. Kartofel' i ovoshchi, 1976, 12: 22-24.
9. Pantielev Ya.Kh. Konveier zelennykh ovoshchei [Conveyor of green vegetables]. Moscow, 1987.
10. Tarakanov G.I. Osobennosti ovoshchevodstva v kul'tivatsionnykh sooruzheniyakh s polimernymi pokrytiyami. Avtorefat doktorskoi dissertatsii. [Gardening in cultivation premises with polymer coatings. DSc Thesis]. Moscow, 1968: 546-639.
11. Bryzgalov V.A., Sovetkina V.E., Savinova N.I. Ovoshchevodstvo zashchishchennogo grunta [Vegetable cultivation in greenhouses]. Leningrad, 1982: 243-250.
12. Tarakanov G.I., Mukhin V.D., Shuin K.A., Borisov N.V., Klimov V.V. Ovoshchevodstvo /Pod redaktsiei G.I. Tarakanova, V.D. Mukhina [Olericulture. G.I. Tarakanov, V.D. Mukhin (eds.)]. Moscow, 1993: 439-453.
