doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2014.5.16eng
UDC 632:578(571.6)
DIVERSITY OF PLANT VIRUSES IN THE EAST-ASIAN RUSSIA: 50 YEARS OF STUDYING
R.V. Gnutova
Institute of Biology and Soil Science, the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, prosp. 100-letiya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok, 690022 Russia,
e-mail girina.vl@mail.ru, ibss@eastnet.febras.ru
Received April 23, 2013
In ornamental plants, vegetables, fruits, berries, cereals and legumes the viral infections causes a decrease of productivity and yield quality, especially in the southern regions of agriculture in the Russian Far East where an infectious background is one of the highest. Besides, the viral infection leads to more impact from other phytopathogens, particularly under bacterial and fungal infections, and provokes degradation of varieties. Breeding varieties and hybrids resistant to viruses is now considered the most effective approach to antiviral plant protection. Therefore, the characteristic features of viruses are the key factors for plant protection strategy. For more than 50 years, in the Asian Russia more than 50 viruses have been found in agrocoenoses of vegetables, cereals, legumes, ornamental plants, berries and potato plants, and also in biocoenoses of wild plants and weeds. More than 10 of them have not been identified earlier not only in Far East and Siberia, but also in Russia. Basin on biological traits, physicochemical properties of viral polypeptides and nucleic acids, as well as antigenic characteristics of capsid proteins, a taxonomic status of the Asian Russian viral isolates has been identified, and their areal, pathogenicity and the impact have been studied. In Far East Russia, there have been revealed, described and identified the following viruses: Brome mosaic virus,Vicia unijuga mosaic virus, Alfalfa mosaic virus, Cucumber mosaic virus IA and IB East-Asian isolates, Soybean stunt virus, Tomato aspermy virus, Cauliflower mosaic virus Far-East Russianisolates, Dahlia mosaic virus, Radish mosaic virus type isolate, Red clover mottle virus, Arabis mosaic virus, Raspberry ringspot virus, Tobacco ringspot virus, Tomato ringspot virus, Potato leafrole virus, Barley yellow dwarf virus — PAV, Pea enation mosaic virus 1, Bean common mosaic virus, Bean yellow mosaic virus,Dahlia mild green mottle virus, Hippeastrum mosaic virus, Onion yellow dwarf virus, Potato virus A, Potato virus Y, Soybean mosaic virus, Tobacco etch virus, Tradescantia mosaic virus,Trifolium montanum (сlover) mosaic virus, Turnip mosaic virus, Watermelon mosaic virus (WMW-W),Cereal (Oat) Russian pupation (pseudo-roset) virus, Northern cereal mosaic virus, Lily symptomless virus, Potato virus M, Potato virus S,Vicia pseudorobus mosaic virus, Hydrangea ringspot virus, Plantago asiatica mosaic virus, Potato aucuba mosaic virus, Potato virus X, White clover mosaic virus,Tobacco necrosis virus,Rice stripe virus, Tobacco rattle virus, Tobacco mosaic virus, Tomato mosaic virus, Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, Barley stripe mosaic virus,Rice mottle virus, Grapevine plum line virus, Pea streak virus, Potato yellow dwarf virus, Carnation ringspot dianthovirus, Carnation mottle virus. A few of them (marked as ordinary typed) are not still registered and entered into the list of International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/). Using routine and molecular methods, the isolates were attributed to 18 genera from 10 families of 87 genera and 20 families described presently. Considering distance of Far East from the Central Russia, specific ecological factors, the local climate and unstable weather, a strategy for phytomonitoring of plant viruses has been worked out. In the southern and central zones, the most attention was paid to viruses on rice and soybean plants. The phytomonitoring of potato, vegetable plants and other crops was carried out all over the Asian Russia in both field conditions and greenhouses.
Keywords: plant viruses, methods of identification, taxonomy, East-Asian territory of Russia.
REFERENCES
1. Gnutova R.V. Serologiya i immunokhimiya virusov rastenii [Serology and immunochemistry of plant viruses]. Moscow, 1993.
2. Romanova S.A. V sbornike: Stanovlenie i razvitie fitovirusologii na Dal'nem Vostoke Rossii. [In: Phytovirology in the Russian Far East]. Vladivostok, 2002: 175-192.
3. Gnutova R.V. V sbornike: Sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya selektsii i semenovodstva kartofelya na Dal'nem Vostoke [In: Recent state of potato breeding and seed reproduction in the Russian Far East]. Vladivostok, 2010: 138-150.
4. D'yakonov K.P., Pisetskaya N.F. V sbornike: Stanovlenie i razvitie fitovirusologicheskikh issledovanii na Dal'nem Vostoke Rossii [In: Phytovirology in the Russian Far East]. Vladivostok, 2002: 203-212.
5. Gnutova R.V., Mozhaeva K.A. Izvestiya TSKHA, 2010, 2: 35-43.
6. Reifman V.G. V sbornike: Vozbuditeli boleznei sel'skokhozyaistvennykh rastenii [In: Pathogens of agricultural plants]. Moscow, 1980: 293-315.
7. Gnutova R.V., Zolotareva E.V. Bolezni ovoshchnykh kul'tur i kartofelya na Dal'nem Vostoke Rossii [Diseases of vegetable crops and potato in the Russian Far East]. Vladivostok, 2011.
8. Gnutova R.V. Taksonomiya virusov rastenii Dal'nego Vostoka [Taxonomy of plant viruses of the Far East]. Vladivostok, 2009.
9. Tolkach V.F., Gnutova R.V. Zashchita i karantin rastenii, 2011, 7: 24-26.
10. Gnutova R.V. Izvestiya TSKHA, 2013, 5: 321-340.
11.Virus Taxonomy. Seventh Report of ICTV /M.H.V. Van Regenmortel, C.M. Fauquet, D.H.L. Bishop et al. (eds.). NY, San Diego, Acad. Press, 2000.
12. Gnutova R.V., Nesmelov I.B. Materialy Mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii «Selektsiya i genetika sel'skokhozyaistvennykh rastenii: traditsii i perspektivy» [Proc. Int. Conf. «Breeding and Genetics of Agricultural Plants: Traditions and Prospects»]. Odessa, 2012: 327-328.
13. Sinyavskaya A.A., Gnutova R.V. Tezisy VII Mezhdunaridnoi konferentsii «Bioresursy i virusy». [Proc. VII Int. Conf. «Bioresourses and Viruses»]. Kiev, 2013: 88.
14. Bogunov Yu.V., Gnutova R.V. Vestnik KNU (Kiev), seriya biologicheskaya, 2005, 44: 10-12.
15. Tolkach V.F., Gnutova R.V. Izvestiya TSKHA, 2007, 4: 165-173.
16. Tolkach V.Fh., Gnutova R.V. New Potyvirus plants genus Dahlia spp. Proc. VI Int. Conf. «Bioresources and Viruses». Kiev, 2010: 102.
17. Gnutova R.V., Tolkach V.F., Shelekhova O.M. Rastitel'nyi mir aziatskoi Rossii (Novosibirsk), 2011, 1: 91-98.
18. CTBdB — The Universal Virus Database. Index to ICTBdB virus descriptions. Version 4. NY, USA, 2006.
19. Mamaev P.Yu. Biologiya virusov (severnoi) mozaiki i zakuklivaniya zlakov, ikh perenoschika — temnoi tsikadki Laodelphax striatteleus F. Avtoreferat kandidatskoi dissertatsii [Biological features of cereal mosaic and pupation viruses and their vector, Laodelphax striatteleus F. PhD Thesis]. Vladivostok, 1998.
20. Polivanova T.A. V sbornike: Vozbuditeli boleznei sel'skokhozyaistvennykh rastenii Dal'nego Vostoka [In: Pathogens of agricultural plants in the Far East]. Moscow, 1980: 51-84.
21. Krylov A.V. Virusy rastenii Dal'nego Vostoka [Plant viruses of the Far East]. Moscow, 1992.
22. Kostin V.D. Virozy dikorastushchikh rastenii Dal'nego Vostoka Rossii [Viroses of wild plants in the Far East]. Vladivostok, 2005.
23. Gnutova R.V. Vestnik DVO RAN, 2007, 6: 34-41.
24. Tolkach V.Fh., Gnutova R.V. Taxonomy of phytopathogenic viruses identified in the Russian Far East. Arch. Phytopathol. Plant Protect., 2000, 33: 187-205. CrossRef
25.Virus taxonomy. Classification and nomenclature of Viruses. Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of viruses. Part I-IV /A.M.G. King, M.J. Adams, E.B. Carstens et al. (eds.). Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam, Boston, Heidelberg, London, NY, Oxford, Paris, San Diego, San Francisco, Singapore, Sidney, Tokyo, 2012.
26. Reifman V.G., Krulov A.V. Viruses affected on main crops and ornamental plants in Russia (Far East). In: Plant viruses in Asia. Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 1998: 986-989.
27.Virus Taxonomy. Eighth Report of ICTV /M.C. Fauguet, M.A. Mayo, U.M.J. Desselberger et al. (eds). Stat Louis, Danforth Sci. Centre. Univ. Missouri, Acad. Press, 2005.
28. Gnutova R.V. Uspekhi sovremennoi biologii, 2011, 131(6): 563-577.
29. Malinovskii V.I. Mekhanizmy ustoichivosti rastenii k virusam [Mechanisms of plant tolerance to viruses]. Vladivostok, 2010.
