Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2018, Vol. 53, ¹ 4, p. 779-786.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2018.4.779eng

UDC 639.111.4:636.085.19

Acknowledgements:
Supported financially by Russian Science Foundation, grant ¹ 17-76-20026 “Rumen microbiocenosis of Rangifer tarandus as a basis for developing promising biotechnologies for reindeer herding in Russia’s Arctic regions”

 

MYCOTOXINS DIFFUSION IN FEEDS OF SUMMER PASTURING
RATION OF Rangifer tarandus IN ARCTIC ZONES OF RUSSIA

E.A. Yildirim1, L.A. Ilina1, K.A. Laishev1, V.A. Filippova1,
A.V. Dubrowin1, T.P. Dunyashev1, G.Yu. Laptev1, I.N. Nikonov2,
A.A. Yuzhakov3, T.M. Romanenko4, Yu.P. Vylko4

1JSC «Biotrof+», 19 korp. 1, Zagrebskii bulv., St. Petersburg, 192284 Russia, e-mail ilina@biotrof.ru (✉ corresponding author), deniz@biotrof.ru, dumova@biotrof.ru, dubrowin.a.v@yandex.ru, timur@biotrof.ru, laptev@biotrof.ru;
2AlI-Russiàn Research Veterinary Institute of Poultry Science — Branch of the Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research and Technological Poultry Institute RAS, Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, 48, ul. Chernikova, St. Petersburg—Lomonosov, 198412 Russia, e-mail ilnikonov@yandex.ru;
3Northwest Center for Interdisciplinary Research of Food Security Problems, Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, 7, sh. Podbel’skogo, St. Petersburg—Pushkin, 196608 Russia, e-mail layshev@mail.ru, alyuzhakov@yandex.ru;
4Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research (FCIARctic) RAS, Naryan-Mar Agro-Experimental Station, Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, 1a, ul. Rybnikov, Naryan-Mar, Nenets AO, 166004 Russia, e-mail nmshos@atnet.ru, vylcko.yury@yandex.ru

ORCID:
Yildirim E.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-5846-5105
Laptev G.Yu. orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-6659
Ilina L.A. orcid.org/0000-0003-2789-4844
Nikonov I.N. orcid.org/0000-0001-9495-0178
Laishev K.A. orcid.org/0000-0003-2490-6942
Yuzhakov A.A. orcid.org/0000-0002-0633-4074
Filippova V.A. orcid.org/0000-0001-8789-9837
Romanenko ̉.̀. orcid.org/0000-0003-0034-7453
Dubrowin A.V. orcid.org/0000-0001-8424-4114
Vylko Yu.P. orcid.org/0000-0002-6168-8262
Dunyashev T.P. orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-0948
The authors declare no conflict of interests

Received November 9, 2017

 

In the summer and autumn, the food base of Rangifer tarandus consists of up to 300 species of higher plants, of which lichens account for about 15 %. It is shown that in the tissues of some higher plants and in the soil under lichens there are micromycetes capable of producing mycotoxins. In the present work, we are the first to estimate the content of mycotoxins for the components of summer reindeer rations, i.e. Salix borealis, Vaccinium uliginosum, Betula nana, and B. pendula. The aim of the study was to analyze the distribution of mycotoxins in the components of the summer diet of reindeer. Samples of genera Cladonia and Nephroma lichens, higher plants of the species Salix borealis, Vaccinium uliginosum, Betula nana, B. pendula, and mixtures of perennial grasses were collected in early August 2017 in the pastures of the Harp town of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, the Nelmin-Nos town of Nenets Autonomous District and the Pushnoy town of the Murmansk region. Aflatoxins (AFLA), ochratoxin A (OTA), T-2 toxin (T-2), zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON) were detected and measured in the samples using ELISA test. During the mycotoxicological evaluation of the summer food ration components of reindeer, we found multiple contaminations with the mycotoxins. The samples of Embryophyta representatives revealed a greater number of toxic metabolites compared to samples of the genera Cladonia and Nephroma lichens. Practically, in all samples of higher plants, the presence of mycotoxins T-2, ZEN and DON produced by Fusarium pathogens which affects plants during vegetation, as well as AFLA and OTA metabolites of micromycetes Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. which previously were considered not adapted for growth and reproduction in plant tissues during the growing season. However, AFLA and OTA were the least represented on virtually all samples. It is of interest that OTA was not detected in any of the lichen samples assayed. In most of the samples, DON Fusarium toxins dominated with accumulation in lichens up to 0.15 mg/kg and in Embryophyta samples up to 33.8 mg/kg, as well as ZEN at the amount of up to 0.1227 mg/kg and 2.543 mg/kg, respectively. Mycotoxin contamination of the samples of genus Cladonia practically did not have regional differences, whereas in the mixture of perennial grasses and in V. uliginosum mycotoxin contamination varied to a large extent depending on the place of plant growth. The mycotoxins are found in concentrations that may pose a threat to animal health.

Keywords: Rangifer tarandus, feed, lichens, mycotoxins, ELISA.

 

Full article (Rus)

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