doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2013.4.88eng

UDC 638.12:575.174:[636.093+578.2

GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION OF POPULATIONS OF HONEY BEE (Apis mellifera L.) AND DISTRIBUTION OF RNA-CONTAINING VIRUSES AT THE BACKGROUND OF EPIZOOTIA OF Varroa destructor ON THE TERRITORY OF UDMURTIA

A.E. Kalashnikov1, I.V. Maslennikov2, L.M. Kolbina2, I.G. Udina1

1N.I. Vavilov Institute of Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences,
3, ul. Gubkina, GSP-1, Moscow, 119991 Russia,
e-mail: aekalashnikov@vigg.ru, irina_udina@mail.ru;
2Udmurtia Research Institute of Agriculture, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
1, ul. Lenina, pos. Pervomaisky, Zav’yalovskii Region, Republic of Udmurtia, 427007 Russia,
e-mail: lidakolbina@yandex.ru 

Received November 15, 2012

Bees Apis mellifera mellifera L. of the Middle Russian breed are resistant to cold winter and a number of diseases, and can effective use short summer for nectar collection. Introgression of Southern bees affects the trait of local Northern breed and changes negatively their adaptation to environment, decreases the immunity and, as a result, increases a susceptibility to ectoparasites and viruses. Mite infestation with Varroa destructor predisposes the bee to viral infection. Assessment of the purity degree of breed affiliation to Middle Russian breed or to dark forest honey bee Apis m. mellifera L. of Udmurt populations of honey bee by the analysis of cubital index (detected by wing parameters) and the study of variation of the intergenic locus COI-COII of mtDNA in PCR was fulfilled. On mtDNA variation, the hybridization in 1UD_S and 5UD_S specimen makes 15.38 и 60.00 %, respectively, and 2UD_S-4UD_S specimen meet the standards of the Middle Russian breed. In 1UD_S-5UD_S, an average cubital index was more than 0.55, so the bees can be referred to Middle Russian breed with high probability. Nevertheless, with regard to variability on the intergenic locus COI-COII of mtDNA, the hybridization with Southern bees occurred in 2UD_S-4UD_S specimen, but not in 1UD_S and 5UD_S. In 2UD_S a heteroplasmy PQ/p3 x Q was found. RNA viruses were indicated by RT-PCR in bees under mite infestation with V. destructor. DWV, ABPV and SBV were found in 23.3 %, 13.3 % and 13.3 % of bee colonies, respectively. A combination of two or more types of viruses was identified in 13.3 % of bee colonies, and at least three types were detected in 3.0 %. A simultaneous infection was observed for DWV and SBV, and for DWV и ABPV.

Keywords: honey bee, Apis mellifera L., mitochondrial DNA, cubital index, deformed wing virus, sacbrood virus, chronic paralysis virus, varroatoz, Varroa destructor.

 

Full article (Rus)

Full text (Eng)

 

REFERENCES

1. Krivtsov N.I., Goryacheva I.I., Udina I.G., Borodachev A.V., Monakho-
va M.A. Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2010, 6: 26-29.
2. Nepeivoda S.N., Kolbina L.M., Vorob'eva S.L., Sannikova N.V., Maslennikov I.V., Il'yasov R.A., Nikolenko A.G. Pchelovodstvo, 2011, 10: 12-13.
3. Nikonorov YU.M., Ben'kovskaya G.V., Poskryakov A.V., Nikolen-
ko A.G., Vakhitov V.A. Genetika, 1998, 34(11): 1574-1577.
4. Borodachev A.V., Burmistrov A.N., Kas'yanov A.I., Krivtsova L.S., Krivtsov N.I., Lebedev V.I., Martynov A.G., Solov'eva L.F., Kharitonov N.N. Metody provedeniya nauchno-issledovatel'skikh rabot v pchelovodstve [Methods of scientific research in beekeeping]. Rybnoe, 2002.
5. Udina I.G., Kunizheva S.S., Grishechkin A.E., Kalashnikov A.E., Ucha-
eva V.S., Krivtsov N.I., Zlobin V.I. Voprosy virusologii, 2010, 5: 37-40.
6. Kalashnikov A.E., Udina I.G. Farm animals, 2012, 1: 72-76.
7. Kolbina L.M., Sannikova N.A., Vorob'eva S.L., Nepeivoda S.N., Pan'kov E.V., Maslennikov I.V., Kalashnikov A.E., Udina I.G. Pchelovodstvo, 2012, 8: 35.
8. Berenyi O., Bakonyi N., Derakhshifar I., Koglberger H., Nowotny N. Occurrence of six honey bee viruses in diseased Austrian apiaries. Appl. Envir. Microbiol., 2006, 72(4): 2414-2420.
9. Miranda J.R., Cordoni G., Budge G. The acute bee paralysis virus—Kashmir bee virus—Israeli acute paralysis virus complex. J. Invertebr. Pathol., 2010, 103(1): 30-47.

back