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Chebotar V.К., Zaplatkin A.N., Balakina S.V., Gadzhiev N.M., Lebedeva V.A., Khiutti A.V., Chizhevskaya E.P., Filippova P.S., Keleinikova O.V., Baganova M.E., Pishchik V.N. The effect of endophytic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis W65 and B. amyloliquefaciens P20 on the yield and the incidence of potato rhizoctoniosis and late blight. Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2023, Vol. 58, № 3, p. 429-446.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2023.3.429eng

UDC: 579.64.635.21

Acknowledgements:
Supported financially by the project “Development of selection and seed production of potatoes in the Russian Federation” from the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Agriculture for 2017-2025
The authors declare no conflict of interests

 

THE EFFECT OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA Bacillus thuringiensis W65 AND B. amyloliquefaciens P20 ON THE YIELD AND THE INCIDENCE OF POTATO RHIZOCTONIOSIS AND LATE BLIGHT

V.К. Chebotar1 ✉, A.N. Zaplatkin1, S.V. Balakina2, N.M. Gadzhiev2, V.A. Lebedeva2, A.V. Khiutti3, E.P. Chizhevskaya1, P.S. Filippova4, O.V. Keleinikova1, M.E. Baganova1, V.N. Pishchik1

1All-Russian Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 3, sh. Podbel’skogo, St. Petersburg, 196608 Russia, e-mail vladchebotar@rambler.ru (✉ corresponding author), chizhevskaya@yandex.ru, ksu.sha09@yandex.ru, mashul991@mail.ru, pisemnet@mail.ru, veronika-bio@rambler.ru;
2Leningrad Research Agriculture InstituteBelogorka — Branch of Lorkh Russian Potato Research Center, 1, ul. Institutskaya, Belogorka, Gatchina District, Laningrad Province, 188338 Russia, e-mail balakina.swetlana2010@yandex.ru,
gadzhiev.nadim@yandex.ru, lebedeva.vera2011@yandex.ru;
3All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection, 3, sh. Podbel’skogo, St. Petersburg, 196608 Russia, e-mail khiutti@mail.ru;
4St. Petersburg Federal Research Center RAS, North-West Centre of Interdisciplinary Researches of Problems of Food Maintenance, 7, sh. Podbelskogo, St. Petersburg—Pushkin, 196608 Russia, e-mail tipolis@yandex.ru

ORCID:
Chebotar V.K. orcid.org/0000-0001-9762-989X
Chizhevskaya E.P. orcid.org/0000-0002-7715-8696
Zaplatkin A.N. orcid.org/0000-0001-6695-6716
Filippova P.S. orcid.org/0000-0001-9726-8844
Balakina S.V. orcid.org/0000-0001-7320-3640
Keleinikova O.V. orcid.org/0000-0002-8372-5079
Gadzhiev N.M. orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-8449
Baganova M.E. orcid.org/0000-0002-1821-2154
Lebedeva V.A. orcid.org/0000-0001-8131-9395
Pishchik V.N. orcid.org/0000-0001-6422-4837
Khiutti A.V. orcid.org/0000-0003-1479-7746

Final revision received March 09, 2023
Accepted April 04, 2023

Chemical fungicides are chemicals used to combat late blight and potato rhizoctoniosis. However, due to repeated treatments, the resistance of plant pathogens to fungicides increases. Biofungicides serve as an alternative to chemical fungicides. The use of strains of endophytic bacteria of the genus Bacillus is promising for the development of novel biofungicides. Endophytes, being inside plants, have an advantage in interactions with the plant compared to bacteria occupying other ecological niches. In this work, for the first time, the effectiveness of experimental samples of preparations based on strains of endophytic bacteria of the genus Bacillus was established when growing potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties differing in resistance to late blight in the conditions of the North-West of the Russian Federation. It is known that the effectiveness of the use of endophytes with biocontrol activity differed in the field when growing potatoes, while the varietal responsiveness of potatoes to biocontrol agents has not been sufficiently studied. The aim of the research was to study the effect of experimental samples of preparations of endophytic bacteria B. thuringiensis W65 and B. amyloliquefaciens P20 on the yield and infection of potato plants with rhizoctoniosis and late blight. Strains of endophytic bacteria B. thuringiensis W65 and B. amyloliquefaciens P20 isolated from potatoes had antagonistic activity to phytopathogens-pathogens of late blight Phytophthora infestans (Mont. de Bary) and rhizoctoniosis Rhizoctonia solani (Kuhn.) when growing on agar media. Small-scale field experiments (2020-2021) were conducted at the experimental field of the Leningrad Research Agriculture Institute Belogorka. The experiment scheme included the following options: clean control — no treatments; chemical control — treatment with chemical fungicides: CELEST® Top, SC (Syngenta, Russia), Mankoceb, WP (AgroRus and Co., Russia), Rapid Duo,WP (AgroRus and Co., Russia), Infinito, SC (Bayer Crop Science, Germany), Buzzer, SC (CROPEX, Russia) and desiccant Golden Ring (Agro Еxpert group, Russia); biological control — BisolbiSan (BISOLBI INTER, Russia), the biofungicide based on rhizospheric bacteria Bacillus subtilis Ch-13; experimental sample of the preparation B. thuringiensis W65, experimental sample of the preparation B. amyloliquefaciens P2. Two potato varieties, Charoit (resistant to late blight) and Gusar (susceptible to late blight), were used. In the experiments, the dynamics of plant growth and development, yield and infection of potato plants with rhizoctoniosis and late blight were evaluated. Statistical treatment of the obtained results (calculations of averages and their standard errors, ANOVA analysis of variance, Duncan’s test, was carried out using the Statistica 10 program («StatSoft, Inc.», USA). When inoculated with experimental samples of B. amyloliquefaciens P20 and B. thuringiensis W65, the duration of flowering of potato plants increased by 8-13 days compared to the control. The potato tuber harvest also increased by 7.9-14.6 % (p < 0.05). The largest increase in yield was registered on the Gusar variety in 2020. It was found that responses of potato varieties to inoculation with experimental samples of B. amyloliquefaciens P20 and B. thuringiensis W65 preparations differed. The yield of potato tubers of the Charoit variety mainly increased due to an increase in the average weight of one tuber while the yield of the Gusar variety increased due to an increase in the number of tubers per plant. When inoculated with experimental samples of B. amyloliquefaciens P20 and B. thuringiensis W65, the crop structure changed, the yield of the large tuber fraction increased by 22.5-30.6 % (p < 0.05) in Charoit variety. The use of experimental samples of B. amyloliquefaciens P20 and B. thuringiensis W65 did not have a significant effect on the development of rhizoctoniosis in small-scale experiments. The B. amyloliquefaciens P20-based preparation showed 42.8 % biological efficacy in reducing the development of late blight on the potato variety Charoit. Preparation of endophytic bacteria based on B. amyloliquefaciens P20 can be recommended for further testing in commercials field trials when growing potatoes in an integrated protection system together with chemical fungicides and inducers of systemic plant resistance.

Keywords: endophytic bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis W65, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens P20, biofungicides, tuber harvest, potatoes, rhizoctoniosis, late blight.

 

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