Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2016, Vol. 51, № 3, p. 335-342

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2016.3.335eng

UDC 633.16:631.8:579.64

Acknowledgements:
Works on the isolation of rhizobacteria and the study of their antifungal properties, ability to produce auxins and various enzymes, as well as the effectiveness of endophytic and rhizobacteria in pot experiments were performed with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (project № 14-16-00146), work on the efficacy of endophytic and rhizobacteria in field experiments with spring barley was made with state financial support of the leading universities of the Russian Federation, grant 074-U01.

 

MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS ON THE BASIS OF ENDOPHYTIC AND RHIZOBACTERIA TO INCREASE THE PRODUCTIVITY IN VEGETABLE CROPS AND SPRING BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L.), AND THE MINERAL FERTILIZER USE EFFICIENCY

V.K. Chebotar'1, 2, A.N. Zaplatkin1, A.V. Shcherbakov1, 2,
N.V. Mal'fanova2, A.A. Startseva3, Ya.V. Kostin3

1All-Russian Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, 3, sh. Podbel’skogo, St. Petersburg, 196608 Russia,
e-mail vladchebotar@rambler.ru;
2ITMO University (Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics), 9, ul. Lomonosova, St. Petersburg, 191002 Russia;
3P.A. Kostychev Ryazan State Agrotechnological University, 1, ul. Kostycheva, Ryazan, Russia 390044, e-mail alestarceva@yandex.ru

Received April 24, 2015

 

We use an approach involving a combination of endophytic and rhizobacteria in the development of microbial preparations for crop production, which allows to create self sufficient plant-microbe systems, enhancing agricultural production and reducing the environmental burden. The article presents data on the properties of promising strains of endophytic and rhizobacteria and their efficiency in pot and field experiments. Rhizobacteria were isolated from the roots of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivar Bella, endophytic bacteria from internal tissues of hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium L.) stem. Identification of the studied bacterial strains was determined by nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNA gene, and on cultural and biochemical properties. Middle grade lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) variety Eralash and early maturing variety Duro of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) were used in pot experiments. It was shown that the Bacillus subtilis strain TR6 was active against all tested phytopathogenic fungi. Zones of inhibition varied from 17.4 to 48.2 mm. Almost all of the studied strains were capable of producing auxins, except strain TR7. Highest auxin production was observed in strains TR1 and TR9 — 12.3 and 20.1 µg/ml of medium respectively. Three of the five studied strains (B. subtilis НС8, B. subtilis B2G and Azotobacter chroococcum AZ7) significantly (by 15.2-34.2 %) increased the biomass of the lettuce. The strains of B. subtilis Ch-13 and B. subtilis TR6 increased the yield of lettuce but insignificantly. Among the studied strains, B. subtilis НС8 should be noted, which significantly (by 15.2-42.1 %) increased harvest of radishes and lettuce in pot experiments. Application of microbial preparations based on endophytic and rhizobacteria can be effective promising element of modern technologies of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivation, significantly reducing production costs and improving the efficiency of application of mineral fertilizers for its cultivation. Thus, the grain yield of barley variety Danuta (2-year field experiments) due to application of microbial preparations on the basis of endophytic and rhizobacteria has been increased by 23.8-43.9 % compared to the control and by 11-29 % compared to mineral fertilizers. Due to inoculation of barley seeds with promising strains of the endophytic and of rhizobacteria the efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium use from mineral fertilizers increased by 11.7-22.1 %, 5.1-10.3 %, and 10.2-19.4 %, respectively.

Keywords: endophytic and rhizobacteria, microbial preparations, bacilli, fungicidal activity, plant growth promotion, grain yield, mineral fertilizers use efficiency.

 

Full article (Rus)

Full text (Eng)

 

REFERENCES

  1. Sutton M.A., Oenema O., Erisman J.W., Leip A., van Grinsven H., Winiwarter W. Too much of a good thing. Nature, 2011, 472: 159-161 CrossRef
  2. Berestetskii O.A., Dorosinskii L.M., Kozhemyakov A.P. Izvestiya AN SSSR, seriya biol., 1987, 5: 670-679 (in Russ.).
  3. Biopreparaty v sel'skom khozyaistve (metodologiya i praktika ispol'zovaniya mikroorganizmov v rastenievodstve i kormoproizvodstve) /Pod redaktsiei I.A. Tikhonovicha, Yu.V. Kruglova [Biologicals in agriculture: methodology and practical use of microorganiasms in crop and fodder production. I.A. Tikhonovich, Yu.V. Kruglov (eds.)]. Moscow, 2005 (in Russ.).
  4. Kozhemyakov A.P., Belobrova S.N., Orlova A.G. Sozdanie i analiz bazy dannykh po effektivnosti mikrobnykh biopreparatov kompleksnogo deistviya [Creating and analyzing a database on the efficiency of microbial preparations of complex action]. Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2011, 3: 112-115 (in Russ.).
  5. Chebotar' V.K., Zavalin A.A., Kiprushkina E.I. Effektivnost' primeneniya biopreparata Ekstrasol [Effectiveness of Extrasol, a biopreparation]. Moscow, 2007 (in Russ.).
  6. Lindow S.E., Brandl M.T. Microbiology of the phyllosphere. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2003, 69: 1875-1883 CrossRef
  7. Kuiper I., Lagendijk E.L., Bloemberg G.V., Lugtenberg B.J. Rhizoremediation: a beneficial plant—microbe interaction. Mol.Plant-Microbe Interact., 2004, 17: 6-15 CrossRef
  8. Berg G., Eberl L., Hartmann A. The rhizosphere as a reservoir for opportunistic human pathogenic bacteria. Environ. Microbiol., 2005, 7: 1673-1685 CrossRef
  9. Holliday P. A dictionary of plant pathology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1989.
  10. Schulz B., Boyle C. What are endophytes? In: Microbial root endophytes. B.J.E. Schulz, C.J.C. Boyle, T.N. Sieber (eds.). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2006: 1-13.
  11. Strobel G., Daisy B., Castillo U., Harper J. Natural products from endophytic microorganisms. J. Nat. Prod., 2004, 67: 257-268 CrossRef
  12. Ryan R.P., Germaine K., Franks A., Ryan D.J., Dowling D.N. Bacterial endophytes: recent developments and applications. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 2008, 278: 1-9 CrossRef
  13. Segi I. Metody pochvennoi mikrobiologii [Methods in soil microbiology]. Moscow, 1983 (in Russ.).
  14. Metody obshchei bakteriologii /Pod redaktsiei E.N. Kondrat'evoi, L.V. Kalakutskogo [Methods in general bacteriology. E.N. Kondrat’eva, L.V. Kalakutskii (eds.)]. Moscow, 1983 (in Russ.).
  15. Wirth S.J., Wolf G.A. Dye-labelled substrates for the assay and detection of chitinase and lysozyme activity. J. Microbiol. Meth., 1990, 12: 197-205 CrossRef
  16. Kamilova F., Validov S., Azarova T., Mulders I., Lugtenberg B. Enrichment for enhanced competitive plant root tip colonizers selects for a new class of biocontrol bacteria. Environ. Microbiol., 2005, 7: 1809-1817 CrossRef
  17. Lane D.J. 16S/23S rRNA sequencing. In: Nucleic acid techniques in bacterial systematics /E. Stackebrandt, M. Goodfellow (eds.). Wiley, NY, 1991: 115-175.
  18. Weisburg W.G., Barns S.M., Pelletier D.A. et al. 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. J. Bacteriol., 1991, 173(2): 697-703.
  19. Onishchuk O.P., Chizhevskaya E.P., Kurchak O.N., Andronov E.E., Simarov B.V. Ekologicheskaya genetika, 2014, XII(1): 39-47 (in Russ.).
  20. Altschul S.F., Gish W., Miller W., Myers E.W., Lipman D.J. Basic local alignment search tool. J. Mol. Biol., 1990, 215: 403-410 CrossRef
  21. Dospekhov B.A. Metodika polevogo opyta [Methods in field trails]. Moscow, 1985 (in Russ.).
  22. Chebotar' V.K., Makarova N.M., Shaposhnikov A.I., Kravchenko L.V. Prikladnaya biokhimiya i mikrobiologiya, 2009, 45(4): 465-469 (in Russ.).
  23. Malfanova N., Kamilova F., Validov S., Shcherbakov A., Chebotar V., Tikhonovich I., Lugtenberg B. Characterization of Bacillus subtilis HC8, a novel plant-beneficial endophytic strain from giant hogweed. Microb. Biotechnol., 2011, 4: 523-532 CrossRef
  24. Malfanova N., Franzil L., Lugtenberg B., Chebotar V., Ongena M. Cyclic lipopeptide profile of the plant-beneficial endophytic bacterium Bacillus subtilis HC8. Arch. Microbiol., 2012, 194: 893-899 CrossRef
  25. Malfanova N., Kamilova F., Validov S., Chebotar V., Lugtenberg B. Is L-arabinose important for the endophytic lifestyle of Pseudomonas spp.? Arch. Microbiol., 2013, 195: 9-17 CrossRef

 

back