Сельскохозяйственная биология, 2012, № 3, с. 61-67.

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2012.3.61eng

УДК 633.11:631.522/.524:631.527.5:631.524.821

GENETIC DETERMINATION OF FIELD GERMINATION ABILITY IN SEEDS OF INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS OF Triticum aestivum x T. durum Desf.

N.A. Zharkov

In field and laboratory experiments the author studied a seed viability in different varieties of spring soft and spring durum wheat, in hybrid combinations of F₁ and F₂, obtained from crossing Triticum aestivumxT. durum, and also in pentaploids F₁ and ВС₁. The sufficiently complicated system of genetic control of analyzed determinant was revealed, the origin of which can be relates with features of evolution of A and B genomes of durum and soft wheat. On the ground of comparative analysis of seed germinating ability in hybrids of the first and second generation the author revealed two basic genes, the dominant alleles of which belong to T. durum, but the recessive genes — to T. aestivum. The assumption was made about availability of specific genes, related with varietal features of initial parents.

Keywords: wheat, variety, breeding line, interspecies hybrids, field emerging of seeds, correlation, gene, genome.