Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2015, V. 50, № 2, pp. 245-254.

UDC 619:636.028:612.017

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2015.2.245eng

IMMUNE STATUS OF ALBINO RATS UNDER EXPERIMENTAL
INFECTION CAUSED BY Salmonella cholera suis  AT SUBACUTE T-2
 TOXICOSIS

A.G. Shakhov, L.Yu. Sashnina, Yu.N. Mas’yanov, G.A. Vostroilova, I.Yu. Tafintseva

All-Russian Research Veterinary Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,114-b, ul. Lomonosova, Voronezh, 394087 Russia,
e-mail: A.G.Shakhov@mail.ru, L.Yu.Sashnina@mail.ru, nivipat@mail.ru, irentaf@mail.ru

Received February 24, 2015


Modern animal husbandry is faced with ecological problems, caused by micotoxine feed contamination, presence of potentially pathogenic microorganisms (Escherichia, Salmonella, coccal microflora, etc.) and various xenobiotics of physical and chemical nature in the animal environment. Total impact of commercial farm immunopathogenic factors on the animals is of particular concern. Therefore, combination of T-2 toxin and Salmonella cholerae suis impact on the albino rats’ immune status was experimentally studied. The researches made stated that salmonella contamination against the background of subacute T-2 toxin was accompanied by significant changes of gemomorphological and immune statuses. Evident neutrophilia onset in animals was accompanied by IL-1β concentration increase. Insignificant increase of humoral (serum bactericidal activity, SBA) nonspecific immunity was determined by synergistic effect of toxin and infectious agent. Complementary blood serum activity, which was necessary for the increase of organism’s resistance to intoxication, increased in proportion to the toxin and salmonella doses increase. Contamination of albino rats by both doses of infectious agent against the background of T-2 toxicosis was accompanied by the increase in preantibodies titer, significant decrease in phagocytic activity of leukocytes (PAL), phagocytic number (PN), phagocytic index (PI), and also in lysozyme content, which were the first line of organism protection, and evident suppression of T-lymphocytes, especially in animals, induced by a higher dose of salmonella. The decrease of T-cells number was accompanied by a lower IL-2 blood concentration. T-2 fed to rats against the background of salmonella intoxication promoted enhancement of humoral immunity stimulation. It was accompanied by the increase of B-lymphocytes (percent) differentiation, blood concentration of common immunoglobulins and induction of anti-salmonella antibodies and was also accompanied by C-reactive protein appearance in blood, which revealed inflammatory process development. The obtained experimental data prove an imbalance between functioning of the animals’ protective systems under ecological problems simulated by toxicant and potential pathogen, which are characterized by suppression of protein synthesis, T-link of the immune system, decrease of IL-2 level, phagocytosis, increase of immunoglobulins catabolism, lysozyme and per contra by the increase of complement system proteins content, IL-1β, activation of humoral immunity, IL-4 production, leukocytosis, neutrophilia and acute-phase protein biosynthesis (APPB).

Keywords: albino rats, T-2 toxin, salmonella, cytokines, T- and B-lymphocytes, antibodies, phagocytosis, whole protein, protein fractions, blood cells, natural resistance, C-reactive protein.

 

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