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Gultyaeva E.I., Sibikeev S.N., Druzhin A.E., Shaydayu E.L. Enlargement of genetic diversity of spring bread wheat resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) in Lower Volga region. Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2020, Vol. 55, № 1, p. 27-44.
(how to cite this article)

doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2020.1.27eng

UDC: 633.11:631.522.524:632.4 (470.44.47)

Acknowledgements:
Supported financially by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 18-016-00170

 

ENLARGEMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SPRING BREAD WHEAT RESISTANCE TO LEAF RUST (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) IN LOWER VOLGA REGION

E.I. Gultyaeva1, S.N. Sibikeev2, A.E. Druzhin2, E.L. Shaydayuk1

1All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection, 3, sh. Podbel’skogo, St. Petersburg, 196608 Russia, e-mail eigultyaeva@gmail.com (✉ corresponding author), eshaydayuk@bk.ru;
2Agricultural Research Institute for South-East Regions, 7, ul. Tulaikova, Saratov 410010 Russia, e-mail sibi-keev_sergey@mail.ru, alex_druzhin@mail.ru

ORCID:
Gultyaeva E.I. orcid.org/0000-0001-7948-0307
Sibikeev S.N orcid.org/0000-0001-8324-9765
Druzhin A.E. orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-2470
Shaydayuk E.L. orcid.org/0000-0003-3266-6272

Received September 3, 2019

 

Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) is the significant disease of winter and spring wheat in Russia. In the Volga region, the epiphytoties of this disease are observed on average once per three to four years. The genetic protection of wheat from leaf rust is a priority. Its successful practical implementation is possible only by the increasing of the genetic diversity of the commercial wheat cultivars, particularly by effective combinations of the known genes for resistance or use in the hybridization donors of new Lr-genes, from species of genera Triticum and Aegilops. On the basis of highly productive and adaptive spring bread wheat cultivars (Prokhorovka, Saratovskaya 29, Saratovskaya 55, Saratovskaya 68, Saratovskaya 70, Saratovskaya 73, Saratovskaya 74, L503, L505, Dobrynya, Favorite, Belyanka, Voevoda of Saratov Breeding Center) and alien species the introgression lines are derived which possess high resistance to leaf rust and are promising as breeding material. It was of interest to study the genetic determination of leaf rust resistance in these new lines and to evaluate their effect on the variability of P. triticina population for virulence in Saratov region. A total of 42 introgression lines were investigated. Donors of alien Lr-genes were the lines of cultivar Thahcher with Lr24, Lr29, Lr36 genes, and cultivars with Lr37 gene, and also species Triticum dicoccum, T. kiharae, T. timopheevii, T. durum, T. petropavloskyi, T. persicum, Aegilops tauschii, Secale sereale and Agropyron elongatum. Leaf rust resistance genes (Lr-genes) were identified by phytopathological tests and DNA markers. The studied lines of spring bread wheat showed high genetic diversity for leaf rust resistance. Among them, we have identified the carriers of known Lr-genes which have not yet been used in breeding of spring bread wheat in Russia (L4 with Lr29), and also the carriers of presumably new Lr-genes transferred from T. durum (L8, L39 for Lr19 + LrTdur, L25, L19, L11 for Lr10 + Lr19 + LrTdur), T. persicum (L38 for Lr19 + LrT.pers), T. timopheevii (L49 for Lr10 + LrT.tim), Ae. tauschii (L6 for Lr19 + LrA.tau), and T. kiharae (L33 for Lr3 + Lr19 + LrT.kh). Lines L10, L13, L46, L24, L48, L5 and L9 have the effective combination of Lr19 + Lr26 genes, L2, L28 L29 of Lr10 + Lr19 + Lr26, L42 of Lr19 + Lr37, L44 of Lr19 + Lr26 + Lr39, L3 of Lr19 + Lr37 + Lr6Agi, L4 of Lr19 + Lr6Agi, L7 of Lr10 + Lr26 + Lr6Agi, L45 of Lr10 + Lr19 + Lr39 + Lr6Agi, and L40 of Lr10 + Lr39 + Lr6Agi. The virulence of the pathogen of the Saratov population was characterized in 2017 and 2018. The samples were collected from susceptible wheat cultivars which grew together with the studied introgression lines. The Lr9, Lr24, Lr28, Lr29, Lr41, Lr42, Lr45, Lr47, Lr50, Lr51, Lr53,and Lr6Agi genes (infection type 0 and 0;) were highly effective. Lines with Lr28, Lr29, Lr41, Lr51, and Lr6Agi genes also showed high resistance under field conditions. Thus, all these genes are perspective for breeding in the Volga region to expand genetic diversity of wheat cultivars. The presence of the isolates virulent to TcLr19 lines was moderate, 16 % in 2017 and 20 % in 2018. All isolates virulent to Lr19 were avirulent to Lr26, which confirms the effectiveness of this combination of Lr-genes in plant protection from leaf rust. This research resulted in a novel breeding material that combines resistance to leaf rust with adaptability to environmental factors, productivity and grain quality. Its distinctive feature is new donors of resistance involved from related species. Among tested lines there are donors which effectively combine either known Lr-genes or known and supposedly new alien Lr-genes. The linkage of Lr19, Lr26, Lr34, Lr37 genes with effective genes for resistance to other diseases, in particular to stem rust, will determine the resistance of new lines to a complex of diseases.

Keywords: Puccinia triticina, virulence, avirulence, Triticum aestivum, introgression lines, Lr-genes.

 

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